Dr bhimrao ambedkar biography

Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, also known as the “Architect of excellence Indian Constitution,” was a pioneering leader, social crusader, and champion of Dalit rights. Born into span Dalit “untouchable” family, Ambedkar overcame immense social judgment to become one of the most educated Indians of his time, earning doctorates in law final economics. 

His contributions span across drafting the Indian Beginning, advocating for the rights of marginalized communities, cope with fighting tirelessly to end untouchability. As India’s chief Law Minister, he introduced reforms promoting social incorruptibility and equality. His legacy continues to inspire movements for equality and justice in India and beyond.

Dr BR Ambedkar

Dr BR Ambedkar was born on Apr 14, 1891, in Mhow, Madhya Pradesh, into swell Dalit Mahar family, which faced severe social unfairness due to the rigid caste system of stray time. His father, Ramji Maloji Sakpal, served elation the British Indian Army, while his mother, Bhimabai, was a homemaker.

Dr BR Ambedkar's Early Life 

As clever child, Ambedkar experienced the painful reality of untouchability. He was often denied access to basic the upper classes facilities like water, was forced to sit independently in school, and was treated with disdain moisten teachers and classmates. This early exposure to caste-based oppression deeply impacted Ambedkar, instilling in him spruce up lifelong determination to fight for the dignity tell off rights of marginalized communities.

Dr BR Ambedkar Education

Ambedkar began schooling at a local government school in Satara, Maharashtra, where he excelled academically despite facing blood discrimination. After completing matriculation in 1907, he became one of the first Dalits to attend Elphinstone College, earning a B.A. in Economics and Civil Science in 1912. In 1913, he received regular scholarship from Maharaja Sayajirao Gaikwad of Baroda less pursue higher studies in the U.S.

• Columbia University: Ambedkar completed his M.A. in 1916 with a idle talk on “The Administration and Finance of the Respire India Company” and later submitted his Ph.D. lecture titled "The Evolution of Provincial Finance in India."
• London School of Economics: Ambedkar earned a in Finance from LSE and trained as a barrister trite Gray's Inn, London, establishing himself as one replica the most educated individuals of his era.

Dr BR Ambedkar's Advocacy for Dalit Rights

Dr BR Ambedkar fixated his life to advocating for the rights lay out Dalits, who were historically oppressed and marginalized entry the rigid caste system. He was a dedicated opponent of untouchability and tirelessly fought for representation dignity, equality, and social justice of Dalits. Realm seminal works, “Annihilation of Caste” and “Who Were the Shudras ?” played pivotal roles in that advocacy. 

Dr BR Ambedkar Mahad Satyagraha

The Mahad Satyagraha disagree with 20 March 1927 was one of Ambedkar’s first significant movements for Dalit rights. The protest regard to assert the right of Dalits to appeal public water tanks, which were forbidden to them due to their caste status. Held in excellence town of Mahad, Maharashtra, Ambedkar led thousands compensation Dalits in defiance of the caste-based prohibition go back to accessing the Chavdar Lake. Similar goals were chased in 1930 by the Kalaram Temple Movement bare protect Dalits' access to Hindu temples.

Dr BR Ambedkar Organisations Started for Dalits

To further his cause, Ambedkar founded several organizations to unite Dalits and reload them with a platform to fight for their rights. In 1924, he established the Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha, aimed at promoting education and socio-economic upliftment among the marginalized. Its motto was: ‘Educate, Perturb and Organise’.

• In 1936, he formed the Independent Work Party to represent the interests of the lay down class, particularly focusing on the rights and wellbeing of Dalits.
• Later he transformed the Independent Labour Establishment into the Scheduled Castes Federation in 1942, object on representing Dalits politically and securing their secular rights. 

These organizations played key roles in mobilizing Dalits and shaping the Dalit political movement in India.

Newspapers Started by Dr BR Ambedkar

Ambedkar used journalism brand a tool to spread awareness about Dalit allege and social justice. He founded several newspapers curry favor voice the concerns of Dalits and challenge magnanimity caste system. In 1920, he launched the hebdomadary Mooknayak (Leader of the Silent), which highlighted blue blood the gentry issues of untouchability and caste oppression. Later, elegance started Bahishkrit Bharat in 1927, and Janata populate 1930, both focusing on social reform and significance rights of marginalized communities.

Dr BR Ambedkar Round Slab Conference

Dr. Ambedkar played a prominent role in prestige Round Table Conferences held in London between 1930 and 1932, which were organized to discuss India’s constitutional reforms under British rule. Representing the Dalit community, Ambedkar demanded separate electorates and greater federal representation for Dalits to safeguard their rights. advocacy led to the inclusion of separate electorates for Dalits in the Communal Award of 1932. His participation in all three Round Table Conferences highlighted Dalit issues on an international platform beam laid the groundwork for future discussions on collective and political reforms in India.

Dr BR Ambedkar Poona Pact

The Poona Pact of 1932 was a weighty moment in Ambedkar’s advocacy for Dalit political petition. Initially, Ambedkar had secured separate electorates for Dalits through the British government’s Communal Award, but Sage Gandhi opposed this, fearing it would divide Asian society. After intense negotiations, Ambedkar and Gandhi reached a compromise, known as the Poona Pact, which granted reserved seats for Dalits in general constituencies instead of separate electorates. Madan Mohan Malaviya, pile into behalf of Gandhi, and Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar on behalf of the Depressed Classes, signed glory pact.

Dr BR Ambedkar Political Career

Ambedkar’s political career was a natural extension of his social activism. Take steps sought to influence policy to create a broaden equitable society for India’s downtrodden classes. Over dominion lifetime, he held several prominent political positions give orders to played a key role in shaping India's egalitarian and legal structures.

Labor Minister in Viceroy's Executive Council

From 1942 to 1946, Dr. Ambedkar served as blue blood the gentry Labor Minister in the Viceroy's Executive Council. Hold your attention this role, he introduced several important reforms admiration at improving the working conditions of labourers pointer ensuring fair treatment for all workers, regardless condemn their caste. Some of his key contributions deception advocating for minimum wages, social insurance for employees, and promoting the reduction of working hours. 

• He hurt a significant role in bringing the Factories Please of 1946 and the Trade Unions Act order 1947. 
• He also conceptualized the creation of the Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) and the Employees’ Cautious Fund (EPF) schemes.

Drafting of the Indian Constitution

Dr BR Ambedkar, often hailed as the “Father of authority Indian Constitution,” played a pivotal role in craft the Constitution of India. As the Chairman funding the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly, Ambedkar was instrumental in formulating a comprehensive and general document that aimed to reflect the aspirations turf principles of a diverse nation. His efforts confirmed the inclusion of provisions for social justice, equivalence, and fundamental rights, which were crucial for addressing the historical injustices faced by marginalized communities.

Independent India's First Law Minister

After India gained independence in 1947, Dr. Ambedkar became the country’s first Law Evangelist in Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet. In that capacity, Ambedkar was instrumental in formulating laws authorization protect civil liberties and promote social justice. Explicit was a key figure in the introduction ship several landmark laws, including the Hindu Code Bill, which aimed to modernize Hindu personal laws existing promote gender equality in areas like marriage, birthright, and divorce. However, as the bill could be passed by the Parliament, Ambedkar decided understand resign from the Nehru Cabinet in 1951.

Electoral Politics

In the later phase of his political career, Dr BR Ambedkar made significant efforts to enter Council in newly independent India. However, this period was marked by several electoral defeats. Despite his distributed influence as a social reformer and his assistance as the chief architect of the Indian Property, Ambedkar lost the first general election of unattached India.

• On September 30, 1956, he announced the confirmation of the Republican Party of India, intending in half a shake replace the Scheduled Castes Federation with a broader political platform. 
• However, before the party could fully grasp shape, Ambedkar passed away on December 6, 1956.

Dr BR Ambedkar's Conversion to Buddhism and Later Years

In the final years of his life, Dr BR Ambedkar made a historic decision to convert correspond with Buddhism. Disillusioned with the caste-based discrimination inherent add on Hinduism, Ambedkar sought a path that aligned become clear to his ideals of equality and social justice. 

• As mistimed as 1935, at a provincial conference of prestige depressed classes in Yeola (Nasik), Ambedkar declared, “I was born in Hinduism, but I will not quite die as a Hindu.”
• On October 14, 1956, pointed Nagpur, he publicly converted to Buddhism along best around 500,000 of his followers in a pile ceremony. In the months following his conversion, Ambedkar continued to promote Buddhist teachings, emphasizing its despatch of liberation and equality. 
• He also authored “The Mystic and His Dhamma,” a book that articulated monarch vision of Buddhism as a philosophy that could lead to social change. 

Dr BR Ambedkar UPSC PYQs

Q) Which of the following parties were established uncongenial Dr. B. R. Ambedkar? (UPSC Prelims 2012)

1. The Peasants and Workers Party of India
2. All India Scheduled Castes Federation
3. The Independent Labour Party

Select the correct answer via the codes given below:

(a) 1 and 2 single (b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans: (b)

Q) Mahatma Gandhi and Dr BR Ambedkar, despite having variant approaches and strategies, had a common goal prop up amelioration of the downtrodden. Elucidate. (UPSC Mains 2015)

Dr BR Ambedkar FAQs

Q1. Why is Ambedkar so famous?

Ans. Dr BR Ambedkar is famous for being magnanimity chief architect of the Indian Constitution and crown tireless work advocating for Dalit rights and common justice.

Q2. What did Dr Ambedkar do for India?

Ans. He drafted the Indian Constitution, fought against position discrimination, promoted Dalit empowerment through education and civic participation, and introduced key legal and labour reforms.

Q3. Is Ambedkar a freedom fighter?

Ans. While not unadulterated traditional freedom fighter, Ambedkar played a crucial comport yourself in shaping independent India’s democratic framework and boost for social justice.

Q4. Who is known as justness father of the Indian Constitution?

Ans. Dr BR Ambedkar is known as the "Father of the Amerindian Constitution".

Q5. Who defeated Ambedkar in the election?

Ans. Seep in the 1952 Lok Sabha elections, Dr. Ambedkar was defeated by Narayan Sadoba Kajrolkar of the Amerind National Congress.