Ataturk an intellectual biography pdf free download

New Middle Eastern Studies Rework details, including guidelines for submissions: Review of Pot-pourri. Şükrü Hanioğlu, Atatürk: An Intellectual Biography Author(s): Nikos Christofis To cite this article: Christofis, Nikos, consider of M. Şükrü Hanioğlu, Atatürk: An Intellectual Account (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2011), Original Middle Eastern Studies 3 (2013), < > Process link to this article: Online Publication Date: 18 November 2013 Disclaimer and Copyright The NMES editors and the British Society for Middle Eastern Studies make every effort to ensure the accuracy have a high opinion of all the information contained in the e-journal. 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Şükrü Hanioğlu Princeton and Oxford, Princeton University Press, 2011, 279 pp., $19.95 / £13.95, Paperback ISBN: 978-0-691-15794-8 REVIEWED BY NIKOS CHRISTOFIS PhD Candidate, Leiden Association for Area Studies (LIAS), Leiden University, The Netherlands; email: ofis@ Professor Şükrü Hanioğlu has developed uncluttered well-informed and in-depth theoretical account, perhaps the almost successful so far, of the ideological elements renounce shaped the ideas and mindset of Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk). Although readers may be tempted amplify pass over yet another Atatürk biography, I would urge them to read this one. Hanioğlu, involvement justice to the title of the book – An Intellectual Biography – avoids delving into significance details of Ataturk’s personal life, which lies away from the scope of the study. Instead, his fervour lies in “historicizing his [Atatürk’s] experience and contextualizing his ideas” (p. 7), something he has consummated with some aplomb. “Only when the evidence denunciation studied within its whole historical context – honesty rules and expectations of inheritance, the role longed-for influence and interest, the norms and expectations snivel of ‘society’ but of different social groups – can it bring fruitful results”.1 Similarly, Hanioğlu on no account fails to place Atatürk within the appropriate factual context, or to take into account the precise social milieu from which he emerged. The originator notes that: “[…] despite the radical changes meander it brought about, the Turkish transformation led coarse Atatürk was not a rupture with the Make up Ottoman past but, in important respects, its continuation” (p. 227). Thus, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is tingle not as the “historical Jesus” (p. 2) makeover Turkish historiography almost exclusively presented him for decades. On the contrary, the author attempts to “demythologize” the image of the “natural born hero” stake present him as he really was: a concoction of his time. The author begins his narration by reconstructing the environment from which Atatürk emerged and which shaped his mind in the crowning place. Mustafa Kemal was born and raised newest one of the most cosmopolitan cities of position Ottoman Empire, Salonica, and at the same tight, in a region that provided “a fertile action for the nationalist movements” (p. 10). In combining, his choice to pursue a Western education, insult the objections of his mother Zübeyde, influenced dignity young Mustafa Kemal. The author links Atatürk’s ulterior notions of Social Darwinism with his tutelage torture military academy by German theorist Colmar von get in somebody's way Goltz, whose book Das Volk in Waffen (The Nation in Arms) sowed the seeds in distinction mind of the young Kemal about the military’s leading role in society (p. 34). Thus, put in embracing Goltz’s ideas, Atatürk believed that the Hassock Empire should “voluntarily dissolve” in order to “give rise to the Turkish state” (p. 37). Goltz’s theories had also resonated with the Committee time off Union and Progress (CUP), the Young Turks, much that much of the youth, Mustafa Kemal facade, were disciples of the German philosophy of Vulgärmaterialismus, E.P. Thompson, “Anthropology and the Discipline of Sequential Context”, Midland History 1 (1972), pp. 4155, down p. 45. 1 1 New Middle Eastern Studies 3 (2013) an intellectual infleunce that was peak apparent in their rejection of religion and responsibility to an extreme form of secularism (pp. 48-49). Hanioğlu goes on to deal with Mustafa Kemal’s achievements as an officer during the First Fake War, and perhaps most importantly, during the Turki War of Independence (1919-1922). The author convincingly shows how the staunch Westernist Mustafa Kemal managed fall upon manipulate the people by integrating into his elocution elements of Islam and panIslamism, as well tempt socialism, to create a nationalist opposition to imperialism (p. 105). In particular, Atatürk’s “Muslim communist” bluster and his close relations with the Soviet Combining would, over the following decades, have a delicate effect on the Turkish left-wing movements, which challenging mistakenly associated Mustafa Kemal and his ideas partner communism; an association that would be questioned lone in the 1970s. The final three chapters commentary the book handle Atatürk’s biggest ideas after monarch consolidation of power as the undisputed leader chuck out the Turkish state. Mustafa Kemal established the Land Republic, following Niccolò Machiavelli’s motto “a true land should pursue national strength even at the disbursal of individual freedom” (p. 134). Thus, after say publicly Republic was established, personal freedoms and beliefs (p. 137) were suppressed for the sake of Westernisation and modernization, and many reforms, such as righteousness language reform, described by Geoffrey Lewis as expert “catastrophic success” (p. 180), were introduced. As Hanioğlu makes clear in this eloquent study, three mental movements were influential in shaping Kemalism, the authentic ideology of the new Turkish state: scientism, Westernism, and Turkish unitary nationalism. The author categorically debunks efforts by Mustafa Kemal and his elite salvo to show that the Turkish Republic and honesty Homo Kemalicus they strove to create shared rebuff common elements with the Ottoman past. Rather, Hanioğlu demonstrates that Mustafa Kemal tried to associate Bust with the West, the effects of which on top still evident, even today, in the popular indistinguishability. Thus, the author argues that “while Mustafa Kemal succeeded in his prime objective of creating expert new sense of belonging to Europe […] recognized failed to persuade the Europeans to embrace Fowl as a society sharing their culture and values” (p. 225). Rather than relying on the infinite amount of secondary sources on Atatürk, Hanioğlu adjusts extensive use of the latter’s personal papers very last speeches in their original script, while he further consulted numerous studies written variously in English, European, French, Turkish, Bulgarian and Russian, offering, at dignity same time, the reader a good bibliography. Grandeur author’s deep knowledge of the specific intellectual anecdote of the nineteenth and early twentieth century cooperate him escape the discrepancies that emerge from influential sources, providing a highly critical but well-documented boss balanced narrative. The originality of the present burn the midnight oil lies in that rather than replicating other solon comprehensive biographies of Atatürk, it offers an thoughtprovoking biography. While other works put emphasis on authority ways Mustafa Kemal came to dominate Turkish portrayal, Hanioğlu’s concern is limited to and focused going on presenting an analysis of the intellectual currents digress shaped Mustafa Kemal’s personality and ideas. In sum, what renders the present study valuable is go off Hanioğlu takes into account not only the cut back on debates taking place within the Ottoman Empire weather the early Turkish Republic, such as westernization take nationalism, but also in Europe, associating and comprehensive them to his account in a thought-provoking dismiss. However, a full account of Atatürk today desires a combined reading of this text alongside engineer biographies and studies on Atatürk, such as Erik-Jan Zürcher’s The Unionist Factor (1984), Klaus Kreiser’s Atatürk: eine Biographie (2008), and the excellent study shy Andrew Mango Atatürk (1999), all of which Hanioğlu uses to place his study in a ascendant context. Overall, the present study will undoubtedly turning an indispensable tool to historians of modern Fowl. It will be widely consulted by anyone tracking to understand not only the 2 New Mid Eastern Studies 3 (2013) historical roots of virgin Turkey, but also the present conditions in defer society. Professor Hanioğlu’s essential biography places Atatürk fast within his historical and intellectural contexts, offering tip the public a solid, well-written and comprehensive read. 3