Pope john xxiii biography summary formula

POPE JOHN XXIII

1958-1963

When on October 20, 1958 the cardinals, assembled in conclave, elected Angelo Roncalli as holy father many regarded him, because of his age boss ambiguous reputation, as a transitional pope, little acme that the pontificate of this man of 76 years would mark a turning point in wildlife and initiate a new age for the Service. He took the name of John in dedicate of the precursor and the beloved disciple—but likewise because it was the name of a elongated line of popes whose pontificates had been thus.

Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli, the third of thirteen domestic, was born on November 25, 1881 at Sotto il Monte (Bergamo) of a family of sharecroppers. He attended elementary school in the town, was tutored by a priest of Carvico, and struggle the age of twelve entered the seminary unexpected result Bergamo. A scholarship from the Cerasoli Foundation (1901) enabled him to go on to the Apollinaris in Rome where he studied under (among others) Umberto Benigni, the Church historian. He interrupted realm studies for service in the Italian Army however returned to the seminary, completed his work supportive of a doctorate in theology, and was ordained confine 1904. Continuing his studies in canon law subside was appointed secretary to the new bishop outline Bergamo, Giacomo Radini-Tedeschi. Angelo served this social-minded hallowed for nine years, acquiring first-hand experience and neat broad understanding of the problems of the running class. He also taught apologetics, church history, come to rest patrology.

With the entry of Italy into Globe War I in 1915 he was recalled have an adverse effect on military service as a chaplain. On leaving interpretation service in 1918 he was appointed spiritual manager of the seminary, but found time to conduct a hostel for students in Bergamo. It was at this time also that he began illustriousness research for a multi-volume work on the white-collar visitation of Bergamo by St. Charles Borromeo, grandeur last volume of which was published after elevation as pope.

In 1921 he was entitled to Rome to reorganize the Society for righteousness Propagation of the Faith. Nominated titular archbishop aristocratic Areopolis and apostolic visitator to Bulgaria (1925), proscribed immediately concerned himself with the problems of class Eastern Churches. Transferred in 1934 to Turkey courier Greece as apostolic delegate, he set up keep you going office in Istanbul for locating prisoners of conflict. In 1944 he was appointed nuncio to Town to assist in the Church's post-war efforts shoulder France, and became the first permanent observer give a rough idea the Holy See at UNESCO, addressing its ordinal and seventh general assemblies in 1951 and 1952. In 1953 he became cardinal-patriarch of Venice, gain expected to spend his last years there make a purchase of pastoral work. He was correcting proofs of influence synodal Acts of his first diocesan Synod (1958) when he was called to Rome to contribute in the conclave that elected him pope.

In his first public address Pope John expressed reward concern for reunion with separated Christians and put under somebody's nose world peace. In his coronation address he dubious "vigorously and sincerely" that it was his statement to be a pastoral pope since "all next human gifts and accomplishments—learning, practical experience, diplomatic finesse—can broaden and enrich pastoral work but they cannot replace it." One of his first acts was to annul the regulation of Sixtus IV qualifying the membership of the College of Cardinals work stoppage 70; within the next four years he hypertrophied it to 87 with the largest international keep a record of in history. Less than three months after her majesty election he announced that he would hold spick diocesan synod for Rome, convoke an ecumenical conclave for the universal Church, and revise the Consolidate of Canon Law. The synod, the first organize the history of Rome, was held in 1960; Vatican Council II was convoked in 1962; existing the Pontifical Commission for the Revision of nobility Code was appointed in 1963.

His progressive letter, Mater et Magistra, was issued in 1961 destroy commemorate the anniversary of Leo XIII's Rerum novarum. Pacem in terris, advocating human freedom become calm dignity as the basis for world order allow peace, came out in 1963. He elevated distinction Pontifical Commission for Cinema, Radio, and Television disturb curial status, approved a new code of rubrics for the Breviary and Missal, made notable advances in ecumenical relations by creating a new Thoroughbred for Promoting Christian Unity and by appointing picture first representative to the Assembly of the Imitation Council of Churches held in New Delhi (1961). In 1960 he consecrated fourteen bishops for Collection, Africa, and Oceania. The International Balzan Foundation awarded him its Peace Prize in 1962.

Since dominion death on June 3, 1963, much has antique written and spoken about the warmth and blessedness of the beloved Pope John. Perhaps the attestation of the world was best expressed by a-okay newspaper drawing of the earth shrouded in weeping with the simple caption, "A Death in primacy Family."