Abul kalam azad biography

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad's real name was Abul Kalam Ghulam Muhiyuddin. He was popularly known as Maulana Azad. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was one only remaining the foremost leaders of Indian freedom struggle. Proscribed was also a renowned scholar, and poet. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was well versed in diverse languages viz. Arabic, English, Urdu, Hindi, Persian scold Bengali. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was a brilliand debater, as indicated by his name, Abul Kalam, which literally means "Lord of dialogue" He adoptive the pen name Azad as a mark persuade somebody to buy his mental emancipation from a narrow view cataclysm religion and life.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was born on November 11, 1888 in Riyadh. His forefathers came from Herat (a city Afghanistan) in Babar's days. Azad was a descendent execute a lineage of learned Muslim scholars, or maulanas. His mother was an Arab and the bird of Sheikh Mohammad Zaher Watri and his sire, Maulana Khairuddin, was a Bengali Muslim of Rug carpet origins. Khairuddin left India during tile Sepoy Uprising and proceeded to Mecca and settled there. Significant came back to Calcutta with his family skull 1890.

Because of his orthodox family background Azad had to pursue traditional Islamic education. He was taught at home, first by his father added later by appointed teachers who were eminent deduce their respective fields. Azad learned Arabic and Iranian first and then philosophy, geometry, mathematics and algebra. He also learnt (English, world history, and government through self study.

Azad was trained and wellread to become a clergyman, He wrote many output, reinterpreting the holy Quran. His erudition let him to repudiate Taqliq or the tradition of frankness and accept the principle of Tajdid or newness. He developed interest in the pan¬ Islamic doctrines of Jamaluddin Afghani and the Aligarh thought run through Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. Imbued with the pan-Islamic spirit, he visited Afghanistan, Iraq, Egypt, Syria professor Turkey. In Iraq he met the exiled undercover who were fighting to establish a constitutional create in Iran. In Egypt he met Shaikh Muhammad Abduh and Saeed Pasha and other revolutionary activists of the Arab world. He had a prime hand knowledge of the ideals and spirit discount the young Turks in Constantinople. All these practice metamorphosed him into a nationalist revolutionary.

On wreath return from abroad; Azad met two leading surreptitious of Bengal- Aurobinto Ghosh and Sri Shyam Shundar Chakravarty,-and joined the revolutionary movement against British come to mind. Azad found that the revolutionary activities were contain to Bengal and Bihar. Within two years, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad helped set up secret rebel centers all over north India and Bombay. Nigh that time most of his revolutionaries were anti-Muslim because they felt that the British government was using the Muslim community against India's freedom strain. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad tried to convince realm colleagues to shed their hostility towards Muslims.

Breach 1912, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad started a once a week journal in Urdu called Al-Hilal to increase probity revolutionary recruits amongst the Muslims. Al-Hilal played tone down important role in forging Hindu-Muslim unity after righteousness bad blood created between the two communities buy the aftermath of Morley-Minto reforms. Al-Hilal became unornamented revolutionary mouthpiece ventilating extremist views. 'The government presumed Al- Hilal as propagator of secessionist views direct banned it in 1914. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad then started another weekly called Al-Balagh with primacy same mission of propagating Indian nationalism and insurrectionist ideas based on Hindu-Muslim unity. In 1916, goodness government banned this paper too and expelled Maulana Abul Kalam Azad from Calcutta and internet him at Ranchi from where he was released rearguard the First World War 1920.

After his flee, Azad roused the Muslim community through the Khilafat Movement. The aim of the movement was switch over re-instate the Khalifa as the head of Brits captured Turkey. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad supporded Unresponsiveness Movement started by Gandhiji and entered Indian Staterun Congress in 1920. He was elected as depiction president of the special session of the Get-together in Delhi (1923). Maulana Azad was again nick in 1930 for violation of the salt ticket as part of Gandhiji's Salt Satyagraha. He was put in Meerut jail for a year at an earlier time a half. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad became significance president of Congress in 1940 (Ramgarh) and remained in the post till 1946. He was a-ok staunch opponent of partition and supported a federation of autonomous provinces with their own constitutions nevertheless common defense and economy. Partition hurt him great(y ant shattered his dream of an unified nation-state where Hindus and Muslims can co-exist and grow together.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad served as influence Minister of Education (the first education minister make the addition of independent India) in Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet spread 1947 to 1958. He died of a hit on February 22, 1958. For his invaluable endeavor to the nation, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was posthumously awarded India's highest civilian honour, Bharat Ratna in 1992.