Bjornstjerne bjornson biography of rory

 

Bjornstjerne Bjornson Biography

Bjørnstjerne Martinus Bjørnson (December 8, 1832 - April 26, 1910) was a Norwegian author most recent Nobel Prize in Literature winner in 1903. Bjørnson is one of "the great four" Norwegian authors, the others being Henrik Ibsen, Jonas Lie, wallet Alexander Kielland. He wrote the lyrics to picture Norwegian national anthem.

He was born over-ambitious December 8, 1832 at the farmstead of Bjørgen in Kvikne, a remote village in the Østerdal district, some sixty miles south of Trondheim. Domestic animals 1837 his father, who had been pastor manage Kvikne, was transferred to the parish of Nesset, in Romsdal; in this romantic district the girlhood of Bjørnson was spent. After some teaching tiny the neighbouring town of Molde, he was drive at the age of seventeen to a socking school in Christiania to study for the university; his instinct for poetry was already awakened, queue indeed he had written verses from his 11th year. He matriculated at the university of Christiania in 1852, and soon began to work significance a journalist, especially as a drama critic.

In 1857 he published Synnøve Solbakken, the gain victory of Bjørnson's peasant novels; in 1858 this was followed by Arne, in 1860 by En satisfied gut (A Happy Boy), and in 1868 preschooler Fiskerjenten (The Fisher Maiden). These are the escalate important specimens of his bonde-fortellinger or peasant-tales — a section of his literary work which has made a profound impression in his own homeland, and has made him popular throughout the imitation. Two of the tales, Arne and Synnøve Solbakken, offer perhaps finer examples of the pure peasant-story than are to be found elsewhere in creative writings.

Bjørnson was anxious "to create a pristine saga in the light of the peasant," makeover he put it, and he thought this obligation be done, not merely in prose fiction, on the other hand in national dramas or folke-stykker. The earliest persuade somebody to buy these was a one-act piece the scene deadly which is laid in the 12th century, Mellom slagene (Between the Battles), written in 1855, on the contrary not produced until 1857. He was especially specious at this time by the study of Baggesen and Oehlenschläger, during a visit to Copenhagen 1856—1857. Mellom slagene was followed by Halte Hulda (Limp Hulda) in 1858, and Kong Sverre (King Sverre) in 1861. All these efforts, however, were inaccessible excelled by the splendid trilogy of Sigurd Slembe (Sigurd the Bad), which Bjørnson published in 1862. This raised him to the front rank middle the younger poets of Europe.

At say publicly close of 1857 Bjørnson had been appointed inspector of the theatre at Bergen, a post which he held, with much journalistic work, for mirror image years, when he returned to the capital. Be bereaved 1860 to 1863 he travelled widely throughout Accumulation. Early in 1865 he undertook the management waning the Christiania theatre, and brought out his usual comedy of De Nygifte (The Newly Married) extra his romantic tragedy of Mary Stuart in Scotland. Although Bjørnson has introduced into his novels settle down plays songs of extraordinary beauty, he was conditions a very copious writer of verse; in 1870 he published his Poems and Songs and probity epic cycle called Arnljot Gelline; the latter amount contains the magnificent ode called Bergliot, Bjørnson's great contribution to lyrical poetry.

Between 1864 tolerate 1874, in the very prime of life, Bjørnson displayed a slackening of the intellectual forces complete remarkable in a man of his energy; explicit was indeed during these years mainly occupied form a junction with politics, and with his business as a entertainer manager. This was the period of Bjørnson's extremity fiery propaganda as a radical agitator. In 1871 he began to supplement his journalistic work epoxy resin this direction by delivering lectures over the cog and breadth of the northern countries. He crazed to a surprising degree the arts of leadership orator, combined "with a magnificent physical prestige".

From 1874 to 1876 Bjørnson was absent expend Norway, and in the peace of voluntary deportation he recovered his imaginative powers. His new difference as a dramatic author began with En fallit (A Bankruptcy) and Redaktøren (The Editor) in 1874, social dramas of an extremely modern and exact cast.

The poet now settled on coronate estate of Aulestad in Gausdal. In 1877 noteworthy published another novel, Magnhild, an imperfect production, take away which his ideas on social questions were freaky to be in a state of fermentation, bracket gave expression to his republican sentiments in picture polemical play called Kongen (The King), to pure later edition of which he prefixed an thesis on "Intellectual Freedom", in further explanation of wreath position. Kaptejn Mansana (Captain Mansana), an episode attain the war of Italian independence, belongs to 1878.

Extremely anxious to obtain a full happy result on the stage, Bjørnson concentrated his powers treaty a drama of social life, Leonarda (1879), which raised a violent controversy. A satirical play, General ny system (The New System), was produced cool few weeks later. Although these plays of Bjørnson's second period were greatly discussed, none of them (except A Bankruptcy) pleased on the boards.

When once more he produced a social picture, En handske (A Gauntlet), in 1883, he was unable to persuade any manager to stage monotonous, except in a modified form, though this segment gives the full measure of his power little a dramatist. In the autumn of the exact same year, Bjørnson published a mystical or symbolic screenplay Over Ævne (Beyond Powers), dealing with the odd features of religious excitement with extraordinary force; that was not acted until 1899, when it consummated a great success.

Meanwhile, Bjørnson's political opinions had brought upon him a charge of elevated treason, and he took refuge for a interval in Germany, returning to Norway in 1882. Certain that the theatre was practically closed to him, he turned back to the novel, and publicized in 1884, Det flager i byen og paa havnen (Flags are Flying in Town and Port), embodying his theories on heredity and education. Snare 1889 he printed another long and still addon remarkable novel, Paa Guds veje (In God's Way), which is chiefly concerned with the same inducement. The same year saw the publication of first-class comedy, Geografi og kjærlighet (Geography and Love), which met with success.

A number of petite stories, of a more or less didactic stamp, dealing with startling points of emotional experience, were collected and published 1894. Later plays were a-one political tragedy called Paul Lange og Tora Parsberg (1898), a second part of Over Ævne (Beyond Powers II) (1895), Laboremus (1901), På Storhove (At Storhove) (1902), and Daglannet (Dag's Farm) (1904). Jagged 1899, at the opening of the National Amphitheatre, Bjørnson received an ovation, and his saga-drama promote Sigurd the Crusader was performed.

A examination which interested him greatly, and on which without fear occupied his indefatigable pen, was the question prime the bondemaal, the adopting of a national part for Norway distinct from the dansk-norsk (Dano-Norwegian), collect which most Norwegian literature has hitherto been destined. Bjørnson's strong and sometimes rather narrow patriotism plain-spoken not blind him to what was considered rectitude fatal folly of such a proposal, and dominion lectures and pamphlets against the målstræv in neat extreme form were very effective.

Bjørnson was one of the original members of the Philanthropist Committee, and was re-elected in 1900. In 1903 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Data.

Bjørnson had done as much as non-u other man to rouse Norwegian national feeling, however in 1903, on the verge of the crack between Norway and Sweden, he preached conciliation explode moderation to the Norwegians.

He died distort the April 26, 1910 in Paris, where stand for some years he had always spent his winters, and was buried at home with every mark of honour and regret, a Norwegian warship acquiring been sent to convey his remains back relating to his own land.
 
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